Concussion FAQ

What is a concussion?

A concussion is a type of injury in which there is a substantial blow to the head resulting in a closed-head injury. It may or may not result in a loss of consciousness. Concussive injuries can result in mild to severe brain injuries. All concussions should be treated as serious events which need medical intervention.

What are the symptoms of a concussion?

A concussion may include one or more of the following symptoms:

• Persistent headaches or head pain
• Dizziness or loss of balance
• Problems concentrating
• Memory problems
• Difficulty with reading, writing, or mathematics
• Trouble with work situations
• Impulsive behavior
• Changing relationships
• Visual, auditory, or touch impairment or hallucinations
• Mood fluctuations
• Feeling tired often
• Irritability or anger
• Anxiety or depression
• Acting or feeling different after a head injury
• Neck pain or stiffness
• Confusion with daily activity
• Sensitivity to light and sound
• Blurred or double vision
• Loss of taste or smell
• Ringing in the ears
• Loss of sexual drive

Are concussions life-threatening?

Many concussions are not life-threatening, but they can have serious effects. In some cases, they may cause a blood clot to form in the brain, which can result in a dangerous condition.

What can I do in the event of a concussion?

Because the brain is such a complex organ, even mild trauma to the head needs immediate medical attention. Most concussive injuries are first treated by emergency rooms or by family practice doctors. The sooner you receive medical care, the better your chances of a successful outcome.

Sometimes doctors will require individuals to stay in the hospital overnight after receiving a concussion. They may order tests, such as a CT scan. In other cases, individuals may be sent home with a list of important instructions to follow.

What is the difference between a concussion and a mild head injury?

A concussion is a type of mild head injury. A mild head injury refers to the degree of injury to the head. A concussion can cause a mild, moderate or severe brain injury.

Does minor head trauma always result in permanent problems?

No. Many people who suffer mild blows or bumps to the head will not experience significant injury. Some may have temporary problems which disappear over time.

What happens if I experience a second concussion?

Each injury to the head is a significant event which makes the head more vulnerable to future trauma. Take every measure possible to avoid additional concussions. This may involve avoiding certain sports or activities which increase your risk of head injury.